![]() ![]() Within 20 years, new invaders called the Kassites had settled around Babylon, establishing a new dynasty. This catastrophe marked the end of the Old Empire. In 1595 BCE, the Hittites marched down the Euphrates and sacked Babylon, plundering the city and deposing the Amorite kings. ![]() Following Hammurabi’s death, his empire fell into gradual decline. He also pushed back the Elamites (east of Sumer) and the Assyrians (north of Akkad), culminating in the First Babylonian Empire. He defeated the rival Gutians in the Zagros Mountains to the northeast who had previously sacked Akkad. During those 42 years, Hammurabi extended the kingdom to encompass all of Sumer to the east and Akkad to the north. In 1792 BCE, Hammurabi, who ruled until 1750 BCE, inherited the small kingdom. View of the Euphrates River near the ruins of Babylon, IraqBabylonia was founded as a kingdom around 1900 BCE by Semitic Amorites that had overrun much of Canaan, Akkad, and Sumer one hundred years earlier.
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